Method of making pipe connections



Marb 1 R. G. FERRIS 2,192, 04

METHOD OF MAKING PIPE CONNECTIONS Filed March 29, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 R. G. FERRIS Filed March 29. 1938 METHOD OF MAKING PIPE CONNECTIONS March 12, 1940.

Patented Mar. 12, 1940v 1 UNITED STATES noia METHOD OF MAKING PIPE CONNECTIONS V BobertG.Fer-ris,liarnrd,lll.,usignorto8tarline Inc., Harvard, 111., a corporation of 1111- Application me. less, Serial No. maize s cums. (cl. zit-148.2)

An object of this invention is to provide a,

method oijoining an end or one iron pipe to-another intermediate the ends of the latter particularly for use in cattle stalls, animal pens and the like. 1

These and other objects, as will hereinafter appear, are accomplished by this invention which is fully described in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of two pipes Joined in accordance with my invention, both pipes being round and of equal diameter, the vertical pipe showing also the deformation for reception of the end oi another horizontal pipe; Fig. 2 is a partial-enlarged view of a die and punch for deiormingthepipe of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged section on the line 3-4 of Fig. 1 showing the pipe deformed and showing the end of the second pipe assembled in position for welding;

Fig. 4 is aview similar to Fig. 1 wherein the flrst or horizontal pipe is of smaller diameter than the pipe to which it is welded Figs. 4 and 4 are side and end views respectively of a modified form of punch for producing a series of projections for projection welding;

Fig. 5 is a partial enlargedsection on the line '5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. SisaviewsimilartoFlg. lshowinga square pipe secured to the round pipe intermediate the ends of the latter;

Fig. '1 is a partial enlarged view on the line of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a partial front elevation of a round pipe having two square or rectangular pipes secured thereto at the two opposite sides of the vertical pipe and on the same leveL Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged section on the line 8-4 0! Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but showing the second pipe rectangular instead 01 square, the long side of the rectangle being parallel with the axis of the vertical pipe to which it is secured;

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged section on the line l|-ll of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 10 but showing a rectangular first pipe with the long side of the rectangle placed transversely to the axis of the 1 so second pipe to which it is secured;

Fig. 13 is a partial enlarged section on the line lll3 of Fig. 12; I

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 12 showing a U-shaped member secured to a vertical pipe in- 55 termediate its ends:

Fig. 15 isapartial enlarged view onthe line .a pipe 20 secured to a pipe 2| intermediate the ends of the latter. For convenience, the pipe I0 10 is called a first or horizontal pipe and the pipe 2| a second or vertical pipe.

To prepare the second pipe II for reception of the end of the first pipe 20. the pipe II is placed in a die 22 which has a transverse groove 23 15,

therein which has asemi-cylindrical bottom of a size to just enclosethe lower portion of the pipe 2|. Above this groove-islocated a punch 24 suitably operated and having} flat annular bottom 25' and a depressed central portion 28. The annular bottom 25 is oi-the same shape as the end of the pipe 2| but is Blilhfl! larger than said end so as to impress an anular deformation 21 in the pipe 2| adapted to form a uniform bearing for the end of the pipe 20. 25

The sides of the die 22 are made just high enough to be even with the bottom of the punch when at the bottom of its stroke as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 so that the metal of the pipe 2| is forced out against the sides of the die 80 as there shown thereby preventing the pipe from spreading under the pressure of the punch. The portion 21' 01 the pipe enclosed within the deformation 21 is sprung outwardly as shown in Fig. 3. This portion will take different-shapes :5 according to the shapes and sizes oi diflerent punches as will later be seen.

With the pipe 20 held squarely in place on the deformation 21, the two pipes are firmly secured together by arc-welding as at 28, thereby forming o a connection which is substantially as strong as the pipes themselves.

The-pipe 2| may serve as a header for a series of parallel pipes 20. In that case the center or the deformation :1 may be drilled to form a 5 hole 21 to provide comunication between the header and pipes. In-such a construction, the weld 28 completely encircles the pipe 20 thereby forming a gas-tight Joint.

In Figs. 4 and 5 is shown a connection in which a horizontal pipe 30 is smaller than a vertical pipe II and the punch raises an annular ridge 32. The punch 30 (see Figs. 4* and 4) has at its end alternate projections 30" and depressions 30 which when pressed into the pipe ll produce alternate projections 8|, preferably four in. number, an'i depressions 80*. When the squared or transversely cut end of the pipe 38 is pressed into engagement with these projections and a heavy I 5 welding current of electricity passed therebetween (by welding apparatus not shown) the projections become fused into the end of the pipe forming four welds 33. This process is known as projection welding. V In Figs. 6 and 7 is shown a form of connection in which a square pipe 40 is secured at its end to a round pipe 4|, the pipe 40 being nearly as large as the pipe 4| as viewed in cross section (Fig. 7). A deformation 42 is provided in the vertical pipe 4|, the punch (not shown) for causing this deformation being square and slightly larger than the squared end of the pipe 48. It will be observed that the central portion 43 of this deformation is substantially flat whereas the central portions of the deformation of the pipe of Fig. 3 is bowed outwardly. In this connection the draftsman has reproduced the actual bulges which took place in the pipes following the several deformations and this applies to all 85 of the figures of the drawings shown herein except Fi 5. The squared end of the pipe 48 is held firmly against the deformation in the pipe 4| and while so held, the two are welded together by means of electric welds 44, preferably four in number. 'Ifhis-construction lends itself quite well to animal pens and the like, and for this purpose I have shown a vertical rod 45 extending through an opening 46 in the bottom of the pipe 40. A similar horizontal pipe (not shown) would be secured to the pipe 4| at a point beneath the pipe 40, but would have holes provided in its upper surface so as to accommodate the lower end of the several rods of which only one is shown.

49 These rods are assembled in the horizontal pipes previous to welding the latter to the vertical pipe.

In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown still another modification of the invention in which two horizontal 45 pipes 50, 5|) are secured to a vertical pipe 5|, the latter being deformed on its two opposite sides to receive these pipes which, as here shown, are square or rectangular in cross section. The pipes 50, till are secured to the vertical pipe as by means of electric welds 52.

Figs. 10 and 11 show arectangular horizontal pipe 68 secured to a round vertical pipe 8| which has previously been acted upon by a punch having substantially the size and shape of the end 5 of the pipe 80 to form a deformation 6.! with a central depression 63. The pipe 68 whose end is adapted to bear against that deformation is secured in place by a series of gas or are welds 64 or the like.

Figs. 12 and 13 are similar to Figs. 10 and 11 except that in Figs. 10 and 11 the horizontal pipe 60 which is rectangular in form is placed with the long axis of the rectangle parallel to the axis of a pipe 6| whereas in Figs. 12 and 13, a hori- 55 zontal pipe 10 is rectangular in form with the long axis of the rectangle placed transversely to the axis of a vertical pipe H to which it is secured. The vertical pipe is deformed by means of a punch as previously described at 12. It will 7.0 be observed that within the deformation 12 is a central portion 13 which takes a peculiar reverse bend. A similar bend 63 is shown in Fig. 11.

In Figs, 14 and 15 a horizontal U-shaped section 88 is secured to a vertical pipe 8|. Here 76 again a deformation 82 is formed in the vertical pipe by means of a die and .punch, not shown, but similar to those previously described. Here again the punch is substantially the shape of the squared end of the section 88 but is slightly larger in its periphery. In this case, it will be observed 5 in Fig. 15 that the central portion 83 within the deformation 82 is pressed inwardly. After holding the section in alignment with the deformation in the vertical pipe 8|, it is secured thereto at 84 and by suitable welds. 0

In Figs. 16 and 17 is shown still another modification of the invention in which a horizontal pipe 98 lies across a vertical pipe 8|, the latter being provided with a deformation 92 which is firmed by a punch having the shape of the pipe 1 98. The pipe will thus accurately fit the bottom of the deformation 92 and the two pipes can be firmly secured by means of suitable welds 83 which are here shown as four in number.

In all instances the vertical pipe is held by a 20 suitable die, not shown, while a punch acts on the pipe to produce the desired deformation. This is true also of the vertical pipe (Figs. 8 and 9) wherein punches act from two opposite sides on the pipe to produce two deformations therein si- 25 multaneously.

It will be observed that this method of loining a pipe to a horizontal member is capable of many more modifications owing to the fact that numerous other horizontal members of different 39 shapes, not shown, may thus be secured intermediate the length of a pipe which is deformed by means of a punch having substantially the cross section of the horizontal member which it is desired to attach to this pipe. Communicat- 35 ing openings like 21 of Fig. 1 may be used in many of these connections so that fluids of various kinds may be permitted to pass from one to 1 the other. Where the connection is to be watertight or gas-tight, a continuous weld may be 9 employed between the two pipes so joined.

The projection welds of Figs. 4 and 5 may be applied to any of the other modifications shown by using suitable punches for forming the surface of the vertical pipe to form projections to 5 which the horizontal pipes may be welded by the projection welding process.

While I have shown and described several modifications of my invention, it is to be understood that it is capable of many modifications. 50

Changes, therefore, may be made in the construction and arrangement without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed in the appended claims.

I claim: 55

1. The method of joining two pipes comprising supporting a pipe intermediate its ends in a die which substantially fits its exterior surface, deforming the pipe opposite the point supported by the die by a punch which has substantially 50 the shape of the end of the pipe to be joined to the first-mentioned pipe. the center of the punch being relieved, and assembling and welding the two pipes in assembled relation at the point of deformation. 5

2. The method of joining a squared end of a first pipe at right angles to asecond pipe intermediate the ends of the latter comprising holding the opposite side of the latter pipe, deforming the latter pipe at the point of juncture 70 to engage the squared end of the first pipe at not less than three points, and assembling and welding the pipes at the juncture.

3. The method of joining a squared end of a first pipe at right angles to a second pipe inter- 75 mediate the ends of the latter comprising holding the opposite side of the latter pipe. deforming the latter pipe at the point of juncture to form a number of spaced projections to engage the squared end of the first pipe at not less than three points, and assembling and welding the squared end of the first pipe to at least three of the projections on the latter pipe.

4. The method of joining two pipes comprising supporting a pipe intermediate its ends in a die which substantially fits its exterior surface, deforming the pipe opposite the point supported by the die by a punch which has substantially the shape of the portion 01' the pipe to be joined to the first-mentioned pipe, and assembling and welding the two pipes in assembled relation at the point of deformation.

5. The method of Joining two pipes comprising supporting a pipe intermediate its ends in a die which substantially iits its exterior surface, de-

forming the pipe opposite the point supported by the die by apunch which has substantially the shape of the end or the pipe to be joined to the first-mentioned pipe, the center of the punch being relieved, and assembling and welding the two pipes in assembled relation at right angles to each other at the point of deformation.

6. The method of joining two pipes of nearly the same transverse porting a pipe intermediate its ends in a die which substantially fits its exterior surface, deforming the pipe opposite the point supported by the die by a punch which has substantially the shape of the end of the pipe to be joined to the first-mentioned pipe, the sides of the die serving to limit the amount the pipe can spread under the action of the punch, and assembling and welding the two pipes in assembled relation at the point of deformation.

dimensions comprising sup- ROBERT G. FERRIS. 

